I shoot people in this hat.. He gives a brief description of Allie, mentioning his bright red hair. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Rev. It is clear in the early chapters,. His response makes sense, given what we already know about Holden: he prefers to retreat into his own imaginary view of the world rather than deal with the complexities of the world around him. Written translation as well as oral one presents itself a complex and manifold process. It does not follow that a person proposing an explanation has any sympathy for the views or actions being explained. ( http://www.script.com:p.15) from this example is well seen that the author used one of the meanings of the word kid. how my parents were occupied and all []. They have the same attitude towards other people and they think the same way, too. From the investigated material can be concluded that in the well-known novel The Catcher in the Rye by Salinger can be single out the important features of the translation difficulties which are in a great number in this novel. The second problem consists in the identification of phraseologisms under a given entry: "to be between hammer and anvil" can be found under the words "between", or "anvil", or "hammer", or "be", but certainly if it is present under one entry it is absent in all the other entries, otherwise the dictionary would be too redundant. Holdens jargon is very important, because it emphasizes how this teenager was, how he talked We can see that Salinger has the tendency to use the second person pronoun you and the irony Its easy to see Holdens thoughts: the author reproduces the teenagers mind quite well. Latest answer posted November 15, 2019 at 6:03:44 PM. An important stylistic device that was used by the author in his writing is epithet. Another detail is that the hats color, red is the same color as Allies and Phoebes hair. In The Catcher in the Rye, what do Holden and Stradlater fight over? Salinger probably wanted to establish a temporal perspective and not risk having the reader assume that Holden was writing something like a diary or journal. I went down by a different staircase, and I saw another Fuck you on the wall. As he says to Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on the other side of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn't belong. Only by seeing the real function of the language can people understand why Salinger is a master in rendering and imitating teenagers colloquial speech and thus come closer to the essence of the novel. Lexical Pecularities and Translation Difficulties inThe Catcher in the Rye by J. D.Salinger. is a thesis that was chosen in order to identify these important features. Home from his date, Stradlater barges into the room. His random and repeated lying highlights his own self-deceptionhe refuses to acknowledge his own shortcomings and is unwilling to consider how his behavior affects those around him. Justification is the reason why someone properly holds abelief, the explanation as to why the belief is a true one, or an account of how one knows what one knows. The translator is always alert in order to catch a passage that is marked, forms a particular sensitivity allowing the translator, to stop and think about an unusual formulation even when in translators experience he/she never ran across that particular idiomatic expression. Lying and deception are the most obvious and hurtful elements of the larger category of phoniness. Those grammatical transformations maybe divided into following types: Substitution is one of the grammatical relations among the parts of the sentences. While applying some grammatical or lexical transformation in translation the translator is guided by principle of rendering grammatical of lexical meaning. Allie is a special person to Holden because of his intelligence and kindness, When Holden accepted the favor of writing Stradlater's composition, Holden has also accepted an obstacle in his time during his stay in Pencey Prep. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Metaphor is inherent in language. Inter-language translation means substituting verbal signs of one language by verbal signs of another language, or switching from one language code to another one. As suggested by Kussmaul (1995), it is a good practice to classify the kinds of errors/difficulties. Why wouldn't Holden be back to Pencey after Christmas vacation? The hat is outlandish, and it shows that Holden desires to be different from everyone around him. So it can be consider that J. D. Salinger has a rich literary base and he becomes a kind of teacher for several big writers. Salinger also shows his symbolism from other works through the work of Mark Twain. Holden is a 16-year-old boy who is struggling with the aftermath of his younger brother's death. Meaning is not some abstract object that is independent of people and culture. It is probably significant that Holden sells his typewriter to Frederick Woodruff before leaving Pencey. He resents society as he does not seem to be part of it, and looks for sense of real place for him, where he could focus more on his phoniness. I wondered if some guy came in a truck and took them away to a zoo or something. The conclusion is that the major themes, patterns and motifs that recur in Salingers fiction and develop into major and instantly recognizable archetypes, his trademarks, and at the same time a very clear indication of the very evolution of his writing technique, mainly refer to: The research has also led to the conclusion that the recurrent pattern of the letter or of the note plays a very well defined role in J. D. Salingers fiction and it is usually manifested through the characters repeated reading or memorizing of them in different (mostly difficult) situations. Stuff (cloth), a type of cloth or fabric used to fill pillows and other items, Stuffing, a substance which is often placed in cavities of food items, Stuffed or preserved animals, created through the art of taxidermy. At this work, Salinger uses the technique of the interior monologue; this procedure reinforces the little stream of consciousness of Holden (we can appreciate his way of thinking). As the source of the book's title, this symbol merits close inspection. with free plagiarism report. The author used a lot of comparison in his work because through this stylistic devices J. D. Salinger introduce to the reader a lot of details of his characters and about his work. What does this reveal about Holden? Salinger's portrayal of Holden, which includes incidents of depression, nervous breakdown, impulsive spending, sexual exploration, vulgarity, and other erratic behavior, have all attributed to the controversial nature of the novel. Without a doubt, J.D. Unless the target-language idiom corresponds to the source-language idiom both in form and in meaning, the play on idiom cannot be successfully reproduced in the target text. 81) The Ducks in the pond are symbolic in many ways, they prove that some vanishings are only temporary. his brevity, conciseness and concentration of style; his attentiveness to details and to exact dates and facts; his constant reference to parts of the human body; his leitmotif of the letter or note; his constant way of picturing certain female characters painting their nails or toenail or the recurrent motif of a man holding a childs feet; his constant references to colors and the symbolism within colors; his penchant for coining new words or changing different parts of speech into others; his inclination of dealing with psychological problems in his fiction; his tendency to use the pattern of sequencesequence in his characters namesin his themes, etc. One should adopt a very cautious attitude toward these words or expressions so as to avoid interference and/or language misuse. The first type of translation difficulties that could be seen in J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray is distinguished between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. Both false friends and false cognates can cause difficulty for students learning a foreign language, particularly one that is related to their native language, because students are likely to identify the words wrongly, because of linguistic interference. Holden realizes that society has become bad, and wants no part in this terrible life. Thats all id do all day. Holden is scared of growing up, and also scared of the unknown. This is characterized by different functioning of a word in language, different in usage and combinability, but even the primary meaning of an English word maybe wider of the corresponding one in Russian. The Romanian translation is obviously courageous in the choice of words, modem in the choice of vocabulary and linguistic register. Holden does not understand why Allie who was much smarter than him died. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. An idiom or fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its context of use may be different; the two expressions may have different connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable. Its impossible. Quotation). Distinguishing between general vocabulary and specialized terms. Salinger is not only a deeply national, original writer but also a modern writer. The interaction of different types of lexical meaning: J. D. Salingers The Cather in the Ray is full of stylistic device that made authors style more clear and sometimes more interesting. Idioms is a phrase whose meaning is difficult or sometimes impossible to guess by looking at the meaning of the individual words it contains. Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. But then, they have solutions and they can change their hard conditions for better ones. Many translators mark out originality of his feature world and that is why the originality of his language and style and the specific usage of popular speech and dialectisms. Some game. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! A list of personal pronoun is provided here: In Romanian variant of the The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger is presented the tendency to omit the subject pronouns or to use their presupposed noun, because the verb carries an enclitic subject. Holden pictured an idyllic world of childhood innocence from which children would fall into a dangerous world; Mr. Antolini describes Holden in an apathetic free fallgiving up, disengaging him from the world, falling in a void removed from life around him. When rendering stylistic meaning of the source text a translator should be guided by the same principle to recreate in translation the same impression that might be left by the original text. Stradlater then becomes worried that he has hurt Holden and will get into trouble. These two criterias identify the needs for a good knowledges in English in some of its branches of science. Holden is an immature boy who in trying to seem older tends to lean more towards phoniness, a quality he despises in others. The types of the lexical peculiarities and their meanig would be pointed out in the context of this reserch paper. J. D. Salinger needed to persuade the reader that Holden was capable of writing an entire "autobiographical" book, even though he was a poor student and was actually getting kicked out of school because of his bad grades. The New Republic, Vol. In this case, the provided solutions are not the explanation of the sense of phraseologisms that, in the compilers intentions, should serve to translate them into the other language. Holden and Stradlater make there way down to a bathroom because Stradlater needs to shave. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels.He does not connect with the people around him, but dwells on people who are memories, like Allie and Jane Gallagher. Colloquialism is a lexical item used in informal speech; whilst the broadest sense of the term colloquialism might include slangism, its narrow sense does not. Also he tells the reader he's not excited to find out abut this favor and that guys like Stradlater always think people want to do things for them. Who is Selma Thurmer, and why did Holden like her? For example, Holden's use of qualifiers such as "if you want to know the truth," "I know what I'm talking about," or "I'm not kidding" serve to emphasize how unsure Holden is of what he's saying or how well he'll be received. Lexical peculiarities that characterise this novel and the style of the author are Themes, Motifs and Symbols which are one of the major and that could be easily identified in the novel The Catcher in the Ray by J. D. Salinger. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. He feels like he has a duty to save other people from growing up and maturing. Ellipsis involves the omission of an item. The ducks and their pond are symbolic in several ways. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! The following example point out that the writers style is so rich and full of different devices from which can be deduced the next translation difficulties which are find out from the novel during the process of analyzing the both variants of the novel English and Romanian: Related with the informal nature stated, it must also point out the absence of any type of logical structure in Holdens discourse. So they gave up looking.. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. 20% Each language can form uncountable number new word combinations that will be understood by its bearers. Nevertheless the translators have tried to compensate this loss through distinctive methods. Not with poetry, and not even with prose, where the difficulty is generally assumed to be less. First, they dont contain all phraseologisms, then because every day new ones are formed, and lastly because dictionaries have a limited length and cannot contain all. This offends Stradlater, who refuses to answer. Killing time before his date with Sally, Holden decides to walk from Central Park to the Museum of Natural History. Ask and answer questions. My Salinger'sThe Catcher in the Ryehas served as a firestorm for controversy and debate. In contextual usage of a word in poetry or prose often point to the authors penetration into the depth of the words semantic structure. He alludes to his behavior almost in passing, saying that he slept in the garage on the night of Allies death and broke all the windows with his bare hands, just for the hell of it. He tried to break the car windows as well, but could not because his hand was already fractured from smashing the garage windows. Modernism as a literary movement is seen, in large part, as a reaction to the emergence of city life as a central force in society. Holden introduced her to Stradlater, because he didn't want to date her himself. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. He is angry at life for being so unfair. http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html; http://www.scribd.com/doc/9711270/the-Catcher-in-the-Rye-1945-De-Veghe-in-Lanul-de-Secara-Jdsalinger. He used to name, above all, the religion as the proper solution (for example, Holden was sad when he lost his girlfriend, and he read a passage in the Bible). The modern world's general moral change and the individual's alienation from the society serve. Give her to me boy it was used for pointing out to the reader that Stradler with whom Holden discuss was a person that didnt pay attention to the persons beauty. We must think that the authors language was revolutionary, new and controversial at the time his first stories were published. Not with poetry, and not even with prose, where the difficulty is generally assumed to be less. Though he continues to complain about Ackley, the sympathy he feels for his next-door neighbor is evident when he convinces Mal Brossard to let Ackley join them at the movies. [14] He likes it when things are very simple and easily understandable. The first chapter deals with J. D. Salingers place in world literature, the most important influences on his writing style, the cultural and historical background behind his literary works and how they influenced and were reflected in his literary creations. What does this reveal about Holden? In this chapter also would be tried to present and analyze certain passages from the Romanian versions of The Catcher in order to draw attention to certain problems that may occur in translation, especially when different cultures are involved. . Contextual meaning of a word is always effective semantically and stylistically owing to its unexpectedness as well. But it is what it aims at. They think that society is harmful and they dont like to be in it. This straightforward, simple read is nonetheless used in many schools today for its rich content of symbols and truthfulness. The best one in it was The Secret Goldfish. American Literature books summary. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Essential Quotes by Character: Holden Caulfield. Equally surprising is Holdens willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. Every statement made about the work by a reader of the translation should also be true of the original text. Romanian version imitates indeed the way teenagers speak nowadays and uses more colorful equivalents and expressions than the first version. What is Holdens relationship with Phoebe like? In this research the researcher tries to highlight the problems of the translators hesitation of translating the third-person pronoun, which the gender is not obvious, from Romanian to English. There are a lot of Salinger pieces in the University of Texas, at Austins Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center rare books collection; although some contemporary critics see a clear progression in Salingers published works, they think that The Catcher in the Rye is so brilliant. The conclusion was that the main reasons behind his retirement from the public world refer to his great disappointment with the disturbing elements brought along by success and his desire to find a peaceful existence, most likely as a result of the Second World War experiences and, later on, of the strong influences of Zen philosophy. New York Times Book Review 15 July 1951, 5. The author used the hyperbole which is deliberate overstatement or exaggeration and the aim of this hyperbole is to intensify the main features of the novel and to show its utter absurdity. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. can use them for free to gain inspiration and new creative ideas for their writing It also helps to improve ones understanding of the principal rules of translation which plays leading role while processing translation. Stradlater insists, however, that Holden not write it too well, for the teacher knows that Holden is a hot-shot in English. A large number of idioms in English, and probably all languages, have both a literal and an idiomatic meaning. Distinguishing between various meanings of a word of general vocabulary. If originally published today, the novel would probably create little publicity and garner only average book sales. He desires independence because he feels that the world is an inhospitable, ugly place that, he feels, deserves only contempt. He uses the pronoun you all the time, but as we know this could be translated as tu, c-ati, va. He wrote this terrific book of short stories, []. Holdens kindness to Ackley in Chapter 5 comes as a surprise after the disdain that Holden has displayed for him in the previous two chapters. Because Holden depends on his isolation to preserve his detachment from the world and to maintain a level of self-protection, he often sabotages his own attempts to end his loneliness. database? Most translation theorists agree that translation is understood as a transfer process from a foreign languageor a second languageto the mother tongue. Why did Holden do what he did to his composition? Holdens curiosity about where the ducks go during winter shows a more genuine and youthful side to his character. After the excursion, Mal goes off to look for a bridge game, and Ackley sits on Holdens bed squeezing pimples and concocting stories about a girl he claims to have had sex with the summer before. cite it. Words in languages have some definite relation characteristic only to the given language. The conversation in which Mr. Antolini speaks these words takes place in Chapter 24. It is like when polysemantic words in English and other languages do not coincide in their lexical-semantic variants and the same is when differ the function of identical stylistic device. The psychological battles of the novel's main character, Holden Caulfield, serve as the basis for critical argument. He thinks the line is If a body catch a body comin' through the rye, but the actual lyric is If a body meet a body, coming through the rye.. Richard Yates wrote at The New York Times in 1977 that Salinger is a man who used language as if it were pure energy beautifully controlled, and who knew exactly what he was doing in every silence as well as in every word. Throughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger obtain numerous symbols that persist in the book. Retrieved from https://phdessay.com/the-importance-of-stradlaters-composition-in-the-catcher-in-the-rye/, Hire skilled expert and get original paper in 3+ hours, Run a free check or have your essay done for you, Didn`t find the right sample? Or if they just flew away. Holden breaks down in tears, and his sister tries to console him. Salingers works start out in bad situations. The presence of the hat, therefore, mirrors the central conflict in the book: Holden's need for isolation versus his need for companionship. Stradlater had said the composition was supposed to be a simple description of a room, a house, or something similarly straightforward. about, []. As he finishes the essay, Holden can hear Ackley snoring and comments that one has to feel sorry for Ackley when one considers all the problems he has.". What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? Lexical cohesion is a relation that exists between or among specific elements of different sentences in a text and is achieved through the vocabulary. The purpose of metaphor is to liven up the text, make it more colorful, dramatic and witty - that is, metaphor carries out an emotive function. Explanations are often used within arguments and presented so as to serveas arguments. It should be discussed cases of linguistic inconsistency in the Romanian version, such as the rendition of intonational stress. One must remember, however, in the study and critique of the novel, particularly for a researcher or critic in 1996 that the story was written in a different time. What does Holden write Stradlater's composition about why is the object he writes about important to him what eventually happens to the essay Why? But lying to others is also a kind of phoniness, a type of deception that indicates insensitivity, callousness, or even cruelty. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, Sixth Edition, Oxford University Press 2007; http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50034626?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=catharsis&first=1&max_to_show=10. . Consequently, Holden tries to punch him, but Stradlater wrestles him to the ground and puts his knees on his chest. Throughout the novel, it becomes increasingly clear that Allies death was one of the most traumatic experiences of Holdens life and may play a major role in his current psychological breakdown. In The Catcher in the Rye Holdens main purpose was to be free from the suffering. To respect, whenever possible, all the syntax and lexical repetitions, shoot the bull = telling lies, small talk. I need at least one quote for support. Another example was Salingers use of imitation of spoken English in written. This novel revolutionised the society of the Fifties; as well as the style of J.D. The third problem is the use of bilingual dictionaries. Some critics scolded the novel as being too pessimistic or obscene, too harsh for the society of the 1950's. When developing a comprehensive opinion of the novel, it is important to consider the praises and criticisms ofThe Catcher in the Rye.Many critics consider J.D. Not so. They used to live near each other and hung out over the summer, Holden really liked her. In The Catcher in the Rye, why does Holden like Mercutio (from Romeo and Juliet) so much? Salingers works were generally written during two time periods. In literature and writing, a stylistic device is the use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written. Also after such investigations was pointed out all the types of lexical peculiarities in J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Ray.. The author used a great variety of the types of translation difficulties and these types could be well seen in the third chapter of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye that was chosen in order to point out those types of translation difficulties that exist in the novel. He wants everything to be easily understandable and eternally fixed, like the statues of Eskimos and Indians in the museum. In Modernism the object is; the language doesn't mean it is. Ever since its publication in 1951, J.D. From this type of the translation difficulties used in this novel point out one of the main feature of authors style which is that the message of the novel could be better reproduse and easily understand by the reader. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. He worshipped the memory of Allie,and he kept Allie's left-handed mitt in his suitcase. The Modernists constructed their works out of fragments, omitting the exposition, transitions, resolutions, and explanations used in traditional literature., Many scientists investigated J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray expressed their points of view such as: In 1961, the critic Alfred Kazin explained that Salinger's choice of teenagers as a subject matter was one reason for his appeal to young readers, but another was "a consciousness [among youths] that he speaks for them and virtually to them, in a language that is peculiarly honest and their own, with a vision of things that capture their most secret judgments of the world." I didnt mind the idea so much, but I didnt feel like being lectured (J.D.Salinger:14)through this stylistic device the author wanted to point out to the reader that Holden wasnt a boy who like to read a lot of and showed the he didnt like to study. All this explanations or meanings of these words were used in the novel and through these exemples the it could be resulted that the authors vocabulary in this novel is very rich. Metaphor is transference of some quality from one object to another. It is important to be aware when an explanation isnota justification. The first time period was during World War II, and the second time period was during the 1960s. the absence of the categories in one of the comparing languages; Even assuming monolingual disambiguation . E.G. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. That's all I'd do all day. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Holden mean when he says, "Don't ever tell anybody anything. Such statements may help us understand why the person committed the crime, however an uncritical listener may believe the speaker is trying to gain sympathy for the person and his or her actions. Lexical transformations are also caused by necessity to concretize a word while translating. What is possible in one language maybe impossible in another because of its difference in semantic structure and its usage? Why does Ackley annoy Holden? The Romanian version faithfully and accurately kept and rendered Salingers use of intonational stress and italicized words, which represents an important case of gain. With his other work, we can see what Holden can become or what Salinger has already experienced in the character of Sargent X in "For Esme- With Love and Squalor". Ackley has awful teeth, which he never brushes, lots of pimples, and a lousy personality, according to Holden. It is not the specific items an expression contains but rather the meaning it conveys and its association with culture-specific contexts which can make it untranslatable or difficult to translate. Once the idiom has been recognized and understood, the task is not yet finished: in the contrary, one could say that has just begun. Recurring themes in Salinger's stories also connect to the ideas of innocence and adolescence, including the "corrupting influence of Hollywood and the world at large", the absence of connects between teenagers and "phony" adults, and the perceptive, precocious intelligence of children.
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